AUTHORS: Samuel and others
DATE: 930 B.C. and later
In the Hebrew Bible, 1 and 2 Samuel are a single book. On matters of authorship, date, and background, see 1 Samuel Overview and Outline.
First Samuel closes with the death of Israel’s first king, Saul. Second Samuel records the history of Israel’s greatest earthly king, David. Second Samuel records God’s work in the life of David and His establishment of the Davidic dynasty. The book tells of Jerusalem becoming the political and religious center of the nation and it chronicles David’s great military victories as well as his shameful sin with Bathsheba and his mistake in numbering the people. Second Samuel 7:4-14 records the Davidic Covenant God made with David and his posterity, which still awaits God’s perfect fulfillment.
OUTLINE OF 2 SAMUEL
I. David’s Coronation over the Kingdom, 1:1-5:6
A. The Time of the Coronation (After Saul’s Death), 1:1-27
1. The report of Saul’s death, 1:1-10
2. The reaction to Saul’s death, 1:11-16
3. The remorse over Saul’s death, 1:17-27
B. The Extent of the Kingdom (over Judah), 2:1-7
C. The Effort to Include the Other Tribes, 2:8-4:12
1. The rival, Ish-bosheth, 2:8-11
2. The civil war, 2:12-4:12
a. Abner vs. Joab, 2:12-32
b. Abner deserts Ish-bosheth, 3:1-21
c. Joab murders Abner, 3:22-39
d. The murder of Ish-bosheth, 4:1-12
D. David Enthroned over All the Tribes, 5:1-6
II. David’s Consolidation of the Kingdom, 5:7-6:23
A. The Government Established in Jerusalem, 5:7-25
B. The Ark Brought to Jerusalem, 6:1-23
III. David’s Covenant Concerning the Kingdom, 7:1-29
A. David’s Proposal, 7:1-3
B. God’s Disposal, 7:4-29
1. God’s promise, 7:4-17
2. David’s praise, 7:18-29
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IV. David’s Conquests for the Kingdom, 8:1-10:19
A. He Defeats Philistia, Moab, Zobah, Aram, Edom, 8:1-18
B. He Shows Kindness to Mephibosheth, 9:1-13
C. He Defeats Ammon, 10:1-19
V. David’s Crimes Within the Kingdom, 11:1-27
A. Adultery, 11:1-13
B. Murder, 11:14-27
VI. David’s Conflicts in the Kingdom, 12:1-20:26
A. The Death of His Baby and the Restoration to Power, 12:1-31
B. The Incest of Amnon, 13:1-39
C. The Rebellion of Absalom, 14:1-18:33
1. Absalom returns, 14:1-33
2. Absalom revolts, 15:1-12
3. Absalom routs David, 15:13-16:14
4. Absalom rules in Jerusalem, 16:15-17:23
5. Absalom is defeated and dies, 17:24-18:33
D. Disorder in the Kingdom, 19:1-39
E. Revolution in the Kingdom, 19:40-20:26
VII. David’s Conclusion in the Kingdom, 21:1-24:25
A. The Famine, 21:1-14
B. The Exploits, 21:15-22
C. The Song of David, 2 Sam 22:1-51
D. The Last Words of David, 23:1-7
E. The Deeds of David’s Mighty Men, 23:8-39
F. The Census and Plague, 24:1-25
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